List of Famous people born in Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Union

Agafia Karpovna Lykova is a Russian Old Believer, part of the Lykov family, who has lived alone in the taiga for most of her life. As of 2016, she resides in the Western Sayan mountains, in the Republic of Khakassia. Lykova became a national phenomenon in the early 1980s when Vasily Peskov published articles about her family and their extreme isolation from the rest of society. Lykova is the sole surviving member of the family and has been mostly self-sufficient since 1988, when her father died.

Ivan Stepanovich Konev was a Soviet general and Marshal of the Soviet Union who led Red Army forces on the Eastern Front during World War II, responsible for taking much of Axis-occupied Eastern Europe.

Pyotr Semyonovich Popov - was a major in the Soviet military intelligence apparatus (GRU). He was the first GRU officer to offer his services to the Central Intelligence Agency after World War II. Between 1953 and 1958, he provided the United States government with large amounts of information concerning military capabilities and espionage operations. Codenamed ATTIC, for most of his time with the CIA, Popov's case officer was George Kisevalter.

Yevgeny Maximovich Titarenko was a Russian writer and the brother of Raisa Gorbacheva.

Peter or Pyotr Parfenovich Vlasov, better known under his pen name Vladimirov, was a Soviet diplomat and journalist. He is best known for The Vladimirov Diaries, in which he recounted the events in Yan'an during the Second World War, particularly information on Mao Zedong.

Ivan Shevtsov was Russian novelist, known in the West for the anti-semitic aspects of his 1965 novel Aphid.

Lyubov Isaakovna Axelrod was a Russian revolutionary, Marxist philosopher and an art theoretician.

Ivan Lavrentevich Ustinov was a Soviet intelligence officer who held a number of posts in Soviet military counterintelligence, reaching the rank of general-lieutenant.

Vladimir Alekseyevich Gilyarovsky, was a Russian writer and newspaper journalist, best known for his reminiscences of life in pre-Revolutionary Moscow, which he first published in a book form in 1926.

Count Alexander Ivanovich Rumyantsev (1677–1749) was an assistant of Peter the Great and father of Field Marshal Peter Rumyantsev-Zadunaisky. He came from the Rumyantsev family which, though little known and documented in the 17th century, later claimed descent from a prominent 14th-century boyar.