List of Famous people born in East Timor

José Alexandre "Kay Rala Xanana" Gusmão GColIH, GCL, GCMG, popularly known simply as Xanana Gusmão; is an East Timorese politician. A former militant, he was the first President of the independent East Timor, serving from 2002 to 2007. He then became its fourth prime minister, serving from 2007 to 2015. Gusmão holds the office of Minister of Planning and Strategic Investment since stepping down as PM.

Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo SDB, GCL is an East Timorese Roman Catholic bishop. His religious life openly denounced the brutal Indonesian occupation of his country. In 1996, he shared the Nobel Peace Prize with José Ramos-Horta for working "towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor".

José Manuel Ramos-Horta is an East Timorese politician who was the President of East Timor from 20 May 2007 to 20 May 2012. Previously he was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2006 and Prime Minister from 2006 to 2007. He is a co-recipient of the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize along with Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo, for working "towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor".

Ana Maria Pessoa Pereira da Silva Pinto is prosecutor general of East Timor and former Minister for State and Internal Administration during the Alkatiri-lead Fretilin government from 2002 - 2007. She is a member of the Fretilin Central Committee. During the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) from 1999–2002, Pessoa was the Cabinet Member for the Interior before being appointed as the Justice Minister in the East Timor Transitional Administration (ETTA).

Estanislau da Conceição Aleixo Maria da Silva is an East Timorese politician and a key member of the Fretilin. He was acting Prime Minister from May 2007 to August 2007.

Augusto Ramos Soares is an East Timorese long distance runner. He represented his country in the marathon event at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, finishing in 84th place. He was also East Timor's flag-bearer at the 2012 Games.

Francisco Guterres, popularly known as Lú-Olo, is an East Timorese politician who has been President of East Timor since 2017. He is also the President of Fretilin, and he was President of the National Parliament of East Timor from 2002 to 2007. As the Fretilin candidate, he stood in the 2007 presidential election and 2012 presidential election, but was defeated in the second round by independent candidates on both occasions. He also contested the 2017 presidential election, and with the support of former Prime Minister Xanana Gusmão and his party, National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT), he was elected as President.

Rui Maria de Araújo was the Prime Minister of East Timor from 2015 to 2017. He is a physician and member of Fretilin.

Mari bin Amude Alkatiri, GCIH is a Timorese politician. He was Prime Minister of East Timor from May 2002 until his resignation on 26 June 2006 following weeks of political unrest in the country, and again from September 2017 until May 2018. He is the Secretary-General of the Fretilin party, as well as President of the Special Administrative Region of Oecusse.