List of Famous people born in Vejle, Kingdom of Denmark

Lili Ilse Elvenes, better known as Lili Elbe, was a Danish painter and transgender woman, and among the early recipients of sex reassignment surgery. She was a successful painter under her birth name Einar Magnus Andreas Wegener. After transitioning in 1930, she changed her legal name to Lili Ilse Elvenes and stopped painting; she later adopted the surname Elbe. She died from complications following a uterus transplant. The US and UK English versions of her semi-autobiographical narrative were published posthumously in 1933 under the title Man into Woman: An Authentic Record of a Change of Sex.

Lene Vestergaard Hau is a Danish physicist who is currently the Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics and of Applied Physics at Harvard University. She received a PhD from Aarhus University. In 1999, she led a Harvard University team who, by use of a Bose–Einstein condensate, succeeded in slowing a beam of light to about 17 metres per second, and, in 2001, was able to stop a beam completely. Later work based on these experiments led to the transfer of light to matter, then from matter back into light, a process with important implications for quantum encryption and quantum computing. More recent work has involved research into novel interactions between ultracold atoms and nanoscopic-scale systems. In addition to teaching physics and applied physics, she has taught Energy Science at Harvard, involving photovoltaic cells, nuclear power, batteries, and photosynthesis. As well as her own experiments and research, she is often invited to speak at international conferences, and is involved in structuring the science policies of various institutions. She was keynote speaker at EliteForsk-konferencen 2013 in Copenhagen, which was attended by government ministers, as well as senior science policy and research developers in Denmark. In acknowledgment of her many achievements, Discover Magazine recognized her in 2002 as one of the 50 most important women in science.

Thomas Gravesen is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

Conny Jepsen was a retired badminton player from Denmark and Sweden.

Finn Olav Gundelach was a Danish diplomat and European Commissioner. He served as vice-president of the European Commission from 6 January 1977 to 6 January 1981.

Astrid Krag is a Danish politician, member of parliament for the Social Democrats. She is currently the Minister of Social Affairs and the Interior in the Cabinet of Mette Frederiksen. She previously served as Minister of Health and Prevention in the Cabinet of Helle Thorning-Schmidt October 2011 – January 2014. She was a part of the SF youth movement since her high school years at Tørring Amtsgymnasium. She studied Political Science at the University of Copenhagen from 2003 to 2007, and in November 2007 she was elected to parliament.

Tony Rominger is a Swiss former professional road racing cyclist who won the Vuelta a España in 1992, 1993 and 1994 and the Giro d'Italia in 1995.

Troels Lund Poulsen is a Danish politician who was Minister for Employment from 2016 to 2019. He previously served as Minister for Education of Denmark in 2011 and as Minister for Commerce, Business and Growth from 2015 to 2016. Prior to that, he became Minister for the Environment following the 2007 Danish parliamentary election. He is member of the parliament for the party Venstre. From September 2006 to November 2007 Troels Lund Poulsen was the spokesman on political affairs for the party.

Inger Christensen was a Danish poet, novelist, essayist and editor. She is considered the foremost Danish poetic experimentalist of her generation.