List of Famous people born in Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by his alias Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician, and political theorist. He served as the head of government of Soviet Russia from 1917 to 1924 and of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1924. Under his administration, Russia, and later the Soviet Union, became a one-party Marxist–Leninist state governed by the Soviet Communist Party. Ideologically a Marxist, he developed a variant of it known as Leninism.

Sergey Yevgenevich Zhukov is a Russian pop musician. He first emerged as the lead singer for the band Hands Up! in 1996, alongside Aleksey Potekhin.

Ivan Alexandrovich Goncharov was a Russian novelist best known for his novels A Common Story (1847), Oblomov (1859), and The Precipice (1869). He also served in many official capacities, including the position of censor.

Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky was a Russian lawyer and revolutionary who was a key political figure in the Russian Revolution of 1917. After the February Revolution of 1917, he joined the newly formed Russian Provisional Government, first as Minister of Justice, then as Minister of War, and after July as the government's second Minister-Chairman. A leader of the moderate-socialist Trudovik faction of the Socialist Revolutionary Party, he was also vice-chairman of the powerful Petrograd Soviet. On 7 November, his government was overthrown by the Lenin-led Bolsheviks in the October Revolution. He spent the remainder of his life in exile, in Paris and New York City, and worked for the Hoover Institution.

Nikas Stepanovich Safronov is a Soviet and Russian artist. He has been given the title of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation.

Ludmila Yevgenyevna Belousova was a Russian pair skater who represented the Soviet Union. With her partner and husband Oleg Protopopov she was a two-time Olympic champion and four-time World champion (1965–1968). In 1979, the pair defected to Switzerland and became Swiss citizens in 1995. They continued to skate at ice shows and exhibitions through their seventies.

Daniil Borisovich Dondurey was a Soviet and Russian culturologist, film critic, sociologist of the media, editor in chief of the journal Iskusstvo Kino, and Candidate of Philosophy.

Nikolay Pavlovich Firyubin was a Soviet diplomat.

Nikolai Alekseevich Stravinsky is a Russian musician, composer, and multi-instrumentalist. Among other projects, he is known for performing under the name Selfieman. Previously, he played guitar with the punk band Тараканы! (Cockroaches), drums with punk supergroup Ракеты из России, as well as singing and playing guitar with the band Фея Драже.

Yusuf Akçura was a prominent Turkish politician, writer and ideologist of ethnic Tatar origin. He developed into a prominent ideologue and advocate of Pan-Turkism during the early republican period, whose writings became widely read and who became one of the leading university professors in Istanbul.