List of Famous people born in Tartu County, Estonia

Katrin Šmigun is an Estonian cross-country skier. She competed at the 1998 Winter Olympics and the 2002 Winter Olympics.

Arthur Joachim von Oettingen was a Baltic German physicist and music theorist. He was the brother of theologian Alexander von Oettingen (1827–1905) and ophthalmologist Georg von Oettingen (1824–1916).

Jaak Aaviksoo is an Estonian politician and physicist, a former rector of the University of Tartu and Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech).

Johan Cronman was a lieutenant general and the commandant of the Skåne fortress in the Swedish Empire as well as the Governor of Malmöhus County from 1727 to 1737. He was Baron of Alatskivi, Kodafer and Kokora; and Master of Vosuauer and Sattkula.

Alexander Konstantin von Oettingen was a Baltic German Lutheran theologian and statistician.

Cezaria Jędrzejewiczowa or, Cezaria Anna Baudouin de Courtenay Ehrenkreutz-Jędrzejewiczowa was a Polish scientist, art historian and anthropologist. She was one of the pioneers of ethnology in Poland and one of the first scientists to adopt phenomenology in studies on the folk culture.

Trivimi Velliste is an Estonian politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1992 to 1994 and as the Estonian Ambassador to the United Nations from 1994 to 1998. He currently is a Member of Parliament in the Riigikogu representing the Pärnumaa Electoral District.

Karl von Struve was a Russian nobleman and politician. He served, in turn, as Russian Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to Japan, the United States, and the Netherlands.