List of Famous people born in Smolensk Oblast, Russia

Marina Lavrentievna Popovich was a Soviet Air Force colonel, engineer, and decorated Soviet test pilot. In 1964, she became the third woman and the first Soviet woman to break the sound barrier. Known as "Madame MiG", for her work in the Soviet fighter, she set more than one hundred aviation world records on over 40 types of aircraft over her career.

Mikhail Alekseyevich Yegorov, along with Meliton Kantaria, was one of the three soldiers credited with raising the Soviet flag over the Reichstag on the 2 May 1945 after the Battle of Berlin.

Anatoly Ivanovich Lukyanov was a Russian Communist politician who was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR between 15 March 1990 and 22 August 1991. One of the founders of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) in 1993, he was described by its leader Gennady Zyuganov as having been the Deng Xiaoping of the party. He published books of poetry under his own name and under the pseudonyms Osenev (Осенев) and Dneprov (Днепров).

Nikolay Mikhaylovich Przhevalsky was a Russian Imperial geographer and a renowned explorer of Central and East Asia.

Boris Lvovich Vasilyev was a Russian writer and screenwriter. He is considered the last representative of the so-called lieutenant prose, a group of former low-ranking Soviet officers who dramatised their traumatic World War II experience.

Sergei Aleksandrovich Filippenkov was a Russian football manager and player.

Alexander Romanovich Belyaev was a Soviet Russian writer of science fiction. His works from the 1920s and 1930s made him a highly regarded figure in Russian science fiction, often referred to as "Russia's Jules Verne". Belyaev's best known books include Professor Dowell's Head, Amphibian Man, Ariel, and The Air Seller.

Olga Borisovna Voronets was a leading Russian mezzo-soprano folk singer of the 1960s and 1970s. She was named a People's Artist of Russia in 1978.

Dianna Aleksandrovna "Dina" Korzun is a Russian theater and film actress.

Anna was Grand Duchess of Lithuania (1392–1418). She probably was the first wife of Vytautas the Great, Grand Duke of Lithuania. Anna was mother of Sophia of Lithuania, the only child of Vytautas and wife of Vasily I of Moscow. She is best remembered for helping Vytautas to escape from a prison in Kreva in 1382 and thus probably saving his life. Little is known about Anna's life and even her origins remain disputed by historians.