List of Famous people born in Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Soviet Union

Maxat Mukhtarovich Ayazbayev is a Kazakh former road cyclist, who currently works as a directeur sportif for UCI Continental team Apple Team.

Ivan Fyodorovich Michurin (1700–1763) was a Russian architect whose designs marked a transition of Russian architecture from early Muscovite Baroque to mature Rastrelliesque style.

Benedykt Tadeusz Dybowski was a Polish naturalist and physician.

Matvei Vasilyevich Golovinski was a Russian-French writer, journalist and political activist. Critics studying The Protocols of the Elders of Zion have argued that he was the author of the work. This claim is reinforced by the writings of modern Russian historian Mikhail Lepekhine, who in 1999 studied previously closed French archives stored in Moscow containing information supporting Golovinski's authorship. Back in the mid-1930s, Russian testimony in the Berne Trial had linked the head of Russian security service in Paris, Pyotr Rachkovsky, to the creation of The Protocols.