List of Famous people born in Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia

Alexander Vladimirovich Varlamov was a Russian composer, arranger, and conductor. He played an instrumental role in popularizing jazz music in Russia during the 1930s, notably leading one of the nation's best jazz orchestras. He also composed many jazz works, and his more than 400 compositions include pieces for variety orchestra, songs, and music for films and cartoons. He was the great-grandson of Alexander Egorovich Varlamov.

Anatolii Platonovich Prudnikov was a Russian mathematician.

Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko was a Soviet mathematician and a student of Andrey Nikolaevich Kolmogorov. He was born in Simbirsk, Russia, and died in Moscow. He is perhaps best known for his work with Kolmogorov, and his contributions to the study of probability theory, particularly extreme value theory, with such results as the Fisher–Tippett–Gnedenko theorem. Gnedenko was appointed as Head of the Physics, Mathematics and Chemistry Section of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences in 1949, and became Director of the NASU Institute of Mathematics in 1955.

Nikolay Alekseevich Umov was a Russian physicist and mathematician known for discovering the concept of Umov-Poynting vector and Umov effect.