List of Famous people born in Damascus Governorate, Syria

Souhel Najjar is a Syrian-American neurologist whose story with Susannah Cahalan turned into an American drama film. He was the first physician in New York University history to identify the mechanism of interaction between the immune system and the central nervous system. He is considered an expert in the field of encephalopathy, specifically the treatment of encephalitis.

Shams ad-Din Turanshah ibn Ayyub al-Malik al-Mu'azzam Shams ad-Dawla Fakhr ad-Din known simply as Turanshah was the Ayyubid emir (prince) of Yemen (1174–1176), Damascus (1176–1179), Baalbek (1178–1179) and finally Alexandria where he died in 1180. He is noted for strengthening the position of his younger brother, Sultan Saladin, in Egypt and playing the leading role in the Ayyubid conquests of both Nubia and Yemen.

Fares Al-Helou, also spelled Fares Helou, is a Syrian actor. Since his graduation from the Syrian Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts in 1984, he has appeared in numerous plays, TV and cinema productions, both in Syria and in France.

Ali Mamlouk is a special security adviser to Syrian president Bashar al-Assad and is one of his trusted men. Mamlouk is also head of the National Security Bureau of the Ba'ath Party.

Ammar Abdulhamid is a Syrian-born author, human rights activist, political dissident, co-founder and president of the Tharwa Foundation. Ammar was featured in the Arabic version of Newsweek Magazine as one of 43 people making a difference in the Arab world in May 2005.

Taqi al-Din Muhammad ibn Ma'ruf ash-Shami al-Asadi (1526-1585) was an Ottoman polymath active in Cairo and Istanbul. He was the author of more than ninety books on a wide variety of subjects, including astronomy, clocks, engineering, mathematics, mechanics, optics and natural philosophy.

Riay Tatary Bakry (1948–2020) was a Syrian religious leader, chairman of the Union of Islamic Communities of Spain. He was imam of the Central Mosque in Madrid, Spain, as well as president of the Islamic Commission of Spain.

Fajr Ibrahim is a Syrian football coach and former footballer.

Abu Muhammad Izz al-Din Abdul Aziz bin Abd al-Salam bin Abi al-Qasim bin Hassan al-Salami al-Shafi’i, also known by his titles, Sultan al-'Ulama/ Sulthanul Ulama, Abu Muhammad al-Sulami, was a famous mujtahid, theologian, jurist and the leading Shafi'i authority of his generation. He was described by Al-Dhahabi as someone who attained the rank of ijtihad, with asceticism and piety and the command of virtue and forbidding of what is evil and solidity in religion. He was described by Ibn al-Imad al-Hanbali as the sheikh of Islam, the imam of the scholar, the lone of his era, the authority of scholars, who excelled in jurisprudence, origins and the Arabic language, and reached the rank of ijtihad, and received students who traveled to him from all over the country.

Paul Achkar was the first Archbishop of the Melkite Greek Catholic Archeparchy of Latakia in Lebanon.