List of Famous people born in Vilnius County, Lithuania

Kęstutis was a ruler of medieval Lithuania. He was the Duke of Trakai and governed the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, 1342–1382, together with his brother Algirdas, and with his nephew Jogaila. He ruled over the Lithuanians and Ruthenians.

Eva L'vovna Gordon Broido was a Russian revolutionary, Secretary of the Central Committee of the Menshevik Party in 1917.

Ksenia Arturovna Tripolitova was a Russian-born French ballet dancer. She was born in Vilna, Russian Empire. She began studying in the studio of Lyubov Yegorova. She was known for touring with her husband Nikolai Tripolitov during the 1930s and 1940s. In the 1960s, she began a solo career. Tripolitova was known for performing during World War II when Nazis were fighting in France.

Yana Maksimava is a Lithuanian-Belarusian heptathlete. She was born in Vilnius, the capital of the then Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic. She is married to fellow Belarusian athlete Andrei Krauchanka. Amid the forced repatriation and subsequent defection of Belarusian sprinter Krystsina Tsimanouskaya at the Summer Olympics in Tokyo in 2021, Maksimava announced that she and her husband would also not be returning to Belarus and would seek asylum in Germany, where the couple trains.

Andrei of Polotsk was the eldest son of Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his first wife Maria of Vitebsk. He was the Prince of Pskov and Polotsk (1342–1387). As the eldest son of the Grand Duke, Andrei claimed his right to the throne after his father's death in 1377. Algirdas left Jogaila, his eldest son with his second wife Uliana of Tver, as the rightful heir. Andrei's rivalry with Jogaila, Grand Duke of Lithuania and later King of Poland, eventually led to his demise.

Airinė Palšytė is a Lithuanian high jumper. She won gold medal at the 2017 European Athletics Indoor Championships.

Leon "Leo" Jogiches, also commonly known by the party name Jan Tyszka, was a Marxist revolutionary and politician, active in Poland, Lithuania and Germany.

Yemima Avidar-Tchernovitz was an Israeli author whose works became classics of modern Hebrew children’s literature. Born in Vilna, Lithuania in 1909, she arrived in Palestine in 1921, at the age of 12.

Anna Radziwiłłówna was a Lithuanian noble woman and Duchess of Masovia.

Sigismund Kęstutaitis was the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1432 to 1440. Sigismund was his baptismal name, while his pagan Lithuanian birth name is unknown. He was the son of the Grand Duke of Lithuania Kęstutis and his wife Birutė.