List of Famous people born in Thuringia, Germany

Heinrich Ernst Walter Schulz was a German officer and political assassin. He was an accomplice of Heinrich Tillessen on August 26, 1921 when the murder of German politician Matthias Erzberger took place.

Olaf Ludwig is a former German racing cyclist. His career began at the SG Dynamo Gera / Sportvereinigung (SV) Dynamo. As an East German, he raced as an amateur until reunification of Germany allowed him to become professional with Panasonic team. As a sprinter, the highlight of his career was winning the points classification in the 1990 Tour de France. Other highlights include the Olympic road race in Seoul in 1988, a record 38 stage victories in the Peace Race, winning the Amstel Gold Race in 1992, and podium placings in the Paris–Roubaix. He also won the 1992 UCI Road World Cup. His sprinting rivals included Mario Cipollini, Wilfried Nelissen and Djamolidine Abdoujaparov.

Ernest Louis of Hesse-Darmstadt was Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt from 1678 to 1739. His parents were Landgrave Louis VI of Hesse-Darmstadt and Elisabeth Dorothea of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1640–1709).

Carsten Kammlott is a German professional footballer who plays as a forward.

Ernst Christoph Dressler was a German composer, operatic tenor, violinist and music theorist. A self-taught singer and violinist, he became a musician at several courts before he moved to the Court Opera in Vienna and finally to Kassel. He is known for a march on which Beethoven based his first published composition.

Henry XXXV, Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, nicknamed: Prince of Diamonds, was until 1740 Prince of Schwarzburg-Keula from 1713 to 1740, and the ruling Prince of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen from 1740 until his death.

August Schleicher was a German linguist. His great work was A Compendium of the Comparative Grammar of the Indo-European Languages in which he attempted to reconstruct the Proto-Indo-European language. To show how Indo-European might have looked, he created a short tale, Schleicher's fable, to exemplify the reconstructed vocabulary and aspects of Indo-European society inferred from it.

Alfred Edmund Brehm was a German zoologist, writer, director of zoological gardens and the son of Christian Ludwig Brehm, a famous pastor and ornithologist.

Ulrike Lorenz is a German art historian and President of the Klassik Stiftung Weimar.

Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen, was duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen (1780–1826) and duke of Saxe-Altenburg (1826–1834).