List of Famous people born in Canton of Neuchâtel, Switzerland

Charles Édouard Guillaume was a Swiss physicist who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1920 in recognition of the service he had rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel steel alloys. In 1919, he gave the fifth Guthrie Lecture at the Institute of Physics in London with the title "The Anomaly of the Nickel-Steels".

Leonardo Piepoli is a former Italian professional road racing cyclist. He most recently rode for Saunier Duval–Scott on the UCI ProTour, but had his contract suspended in July 2008 during the Tour de France amid allegations of the use of the blood boosting drug EPO in the team. He was later suspended for two years, which effectively ended his career.

Dominique Othenin-Girard is a Swiss-French film director, producer and screenwriter. He is known for films such as Halloween 5: The Revenge of Michael Myers, The Crusaders and After Darkness which was nominated for a Golden Bear Award. Othenin-Girard is also active in promoting awareness for Down syndrome.

Lucien Lesna was a French racing cyclist. He won the 1901 and 1902 Paris–Roubaix races.

Jules Frederic Humbert-Droz was a Swiss Communist and a founding member of the Communist Party of Switzerland. He held high Comintern office through the 1920s and also acted as Comintern emissary to several west European countries, and was involved in the Right Opposition in 1928. Prior to becoming a Communist, Humbert-Droz was a pastor. He became a social democrat in the 1940s and served as general secretary of the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland from 1946 to 1965.

Henri Rheinwald was a Swiss racing cyclist. He was the Swiss National Road Race champion in 1908, 1912 and 1919.

Louis Arnold Zutter was a Swiss gymnast. He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.